Opium had been used on small scale in China, British began to sell large quantities of Indian opium in China, Chinese authorities recognized the dangers of opium addictions, tried to stop the trade, European merchants bribed officials to smuggle opium in, China suffered a specie drain from large quantities of silver spent on opium Opium Wars showed the transformation of China's relationship with Europe Had a population growth from 100 million in 1685 to 430 million in 1853, didn't have an accompanying Industrial Revolution, growing pressure on the land, starvation, and impoverishmentĬhinese bureaucracy did not keep up with growing populationīy 1800, county magistrates had to deal with four times as many people as in 1400, central state gradually lost control of provincial officials and gentryīandit gangs and peasant rebellions became commonĬharismatic figures preached a millenarian messageĬulmination of China's internal crisis: the Taiping UprisingĪffected much of China 1850-1864, the leader Hong Xiuquan proclaimed himself the younger brother of Jesus and was sent to establish a kingdom of great peace, called for radical equality and planned to industrialize China, rebellion crushed by 1864 by provincial landowners mobilized their own armies In 1912, Chinese emperor had collapsed becoming weak in a European dominated worldĬrisis Within - China was a victim to their own success In 1793, Chinese emperor Qianlong rebuffed Britain request that China rescind or loosen restriction on trade (Chinese control limited European activities) Sense of responsibility to weaker culturesĭuty to civilize them, bring them education, health care, Christianity, good governmentĮffort to apply Darwin's evolution theory to human history : regards that an unfit race should be destroyed or displaced Sense of religion superiority, European increased despite other cultural religions, African society lost status, new kind of racism The industrial age promotes secular arrogance among Europeans Steamship, underwater telegraph, quinine, breech-loading rifles and machine guns Industrial development made over sea expansion possible The Industrial Revolution fueled European coloniesĭemand on raw materials and agricultural product, needed market to sell European products, capitalist invested beyond Europe, foreign markets kept European workers Chapter 34 - Franklin D.Nineteenth century europe was the greatest age of global expansionīecame center of world economy, million of Europeans moved beyond Europe, explorer and missionaries were everywhere, much of the world became part of European colonizes.Chapter 33 - The Great Depression and the New Deal.Chapter 32 - The Politics of Boom and Bust.Chapter 31 - American Life in the "Roaring Twenties". Chapter 29 - Wilsonian Progressivism at Home and Abroad.Chapter 28 - Progressivism and the Republican Roosevelt.Chapter 26 - The Great West and the Agricultural Revolution.Chapter 23 - Political Paralysis in the Gilded Age.Chapter 22 - The Ordeal of Reconstruction. Chapter 20 - Girding for War: The North and the South.Chapter 18 - Renewing the Sectional Struggle.Chapter 17 - Manifest Destiny and Its Legacy.
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